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Deep-cycle batteries

Deep-cycle batteries are designed to offer constant power voltage even as the battery naturally discharges (a trait common to all rechargeable batteries) through use.

This differs to standard lead-acid batteries which, when used as automotive batteries and motorcycle batteries, deliver an uneven power output.

A large deep-cycle battery could start a car’s starter motor but since they offer lower power outputs the battery would have to be considerably larger than standard.

The difference between the batteries is internal. Deep-cycle batteries have much larger and thicker plates. This gives less surface area and in turn less instant power compared to normal lead-acid batteries, which have more plates that are smaller and “sponge-like”.

Despite their larger size and higher power output deep-cycle lead-acid batteries work in much the same way as household batteries such as AA batteries, 9v batteries and D batteries.

Deep-cycle batteries can be recharged at a lower current than regular lead-acid batteries.

Similarity between marine batteries

Sitting between lead-acid and deep-cycle batteries are marine batteries which offer a middle ground between power output and the ability to hold a charge over time.

They are often referred to as boat batteries which are commonly found in sailing vessels to start the engine alongside a continuously reliable deep-cycle battery. This powers the vessel’s electric systems.

Similar batteries are known as leisure batteries and can be found on dry land, powering motorhome and caravan generators.

Appropriate uses for deep-cycle batteries

Deep-cycle batteries are typically found in applications where the battery is frequently discharged such as:

• Photovoltaic systems that use solar cells to convert light into electricity.
• Electric vehicles such as forklift trucks and electric cars. Golf cart batteries make use of deep-cycle technology.
• Uninterruptible power supplies such as computer and telecommunication systems.

A standard lead-acid battery would not be suitable for these applications as they are too prone to losing their charge when subjected to frequent power demands as found in electric vehicles.

Lead-acid batteries also lose power overtime, whether they are in use or lying dormant. This makes deep-cycle batteries essential for emergency power supply systems.

With the continuing development and growth in electric and solar-powered vehicles the deep-cycle battery is expected to become more common.